Mogadishu, Somalia - The Somali landscape is scarred by decades of conflict, poverty, and displacement. While the world often focuses on the immediate humanitarian crises, a silent epidemic is unfolding, leaving an indelible mark on the nation's mental well-being: a mental health crisis of staggering proportions.
The Somali people have endured a relentless cycle of
violence, from the devastating civil war of the 1990s to the ongoing fight
against Al-Shabaab. This constant exposure to violence, coupled with famine,
displacement, and a lack of basic services, has created a perfect storm for
widespread mental health issues.
A Nation Under Siege:
The statistics paint a grim picture. Somalia has one of the
lowest rates of mental health professionals per capita in the world, according
to the World Health Organization. This translates to a severe lack of access to
mental health services, leaving countless individuals struggling in silence.
"We see the physical wounds of war, but the mental
scars are often invisible," says Dr. Fatima Abdi, a Somali psychiatrist
working with a local NGO. "People are suffering from anxiety, depression,
PTSD, and even psychosis, but they are afraid to seek help due to stigma and
lack of awareness."
The Invisible Scars:
The impact of war on mental health is multifaceted.
Witnessing violence, experiencing loss, and enduring displacement can trigger a
range of mental health issues, including:
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): This is a common
condition among those who have experienced or witnessed violence. Symptoms
include flashbacks, nightmares, avoidance of reminders of the trauma, and
hypervigilance.
Anxiety and depression: These conditions are often linked to
the stress and uncertainty of living in a war-torn country. Symptoms include
feelings of hopelessness, fear, worry, and difficulty concentrating.
Substance abuse: Many individuals turn to alcohol or drugs
to cope with the trauma and stress of war. This can lead to addiction and
further mental health problems.
Children: The Silent Victims:
Children are particularly vulnerable to the psychological
effects of war. They witness violence, lose loved ones, and are forced to flee
their homes. This trauma can have long-lasting consequences, impacting their
development, education, and future prospects.
"I saw my father killed in front of me," says
12-year-old Amina, who fled her village during a recent Al-Shabaab attacks.
"I can't sleep at night. I keep seeing his face."
The Impact on Society:
The mental health crisis in Somalia has a ripple effect on
the entire society. It undermines social cohesion, hinders economic
development, and perpetuates cycles of violence.
Increased crime and violence: Mental health issues can
contribute to aggression, impulsivity, and risky behavior, leading to an
increase in crime and violence.
Reduced productivity: Individuals struggling with mental
health issues may have difficulty working, studying, or participating in
society, leading to a decline in productivity.
Strained family relationships: Mental health issues can put
a strain on families, leading to conflict and breakdown.
A Call for Action:
The mental health crisis in Somalia demands urgent
attention. There is a critical need for:
Increased investment in mental health services: This
includes training more mental health professionals, establishing accessible
clinics, and integrating mental health into primary healthcare.
Addressing stigma: Raising awareness about mental health
issues and promoting open discussions can help reduce stigma and encourage
people to seek help.
Supporting communities: Providing psychosocial support and
trauma-informed care can help individuals and communities heal and rebuild.
Investing in prevention: This includes promoting mental health
awareness, building resilience, and providing early intervention for children
and adolescents exposed to trauma.
Dr. Abdirahman Ali Awale (Habeeb)
A Glimmers of Hope:
Despite the overwhelming challenges, there are glimmers of
hope. Local organizations and international partners are working tirelessly to
address the mental health crisis in Somalia.
Community-based mental health programs: These programs
provide culturally appropriate mental health services in communities, often
delivered by trained community members.
Mobile mental health clinics: These clinics bring mental
health services to remote areas where access is limited.
Trauma-informed care: This approach recognizes the impact of
trauma on mental health and provides services that are sensitive to the needs
of survivors.
A Collective Responsibility:
The mental health crisis in Somalia is a complex issue that
requires a multi-faceted approach. It is a collective responsibility to address
this silent epidemic and ensure that the Somali people have access to the
mental health services they need to heal and rebuild their lives.
Sources:-
UNSOM Click here
International Journal of Mental Health Systems Click here
Aljazeera Click here
